Fundamentals of modern physics : unveiling the mysteries [E-Book] /

Fundamentals of modern physics : unveiling the mysteries [E-Book] / Masatoshi Kajita.

Modern physics is the branch of physics that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, revolutionizing our understanding of the fundamental laws governing the universe at both the smallest and largest scales. It encompasses quantum mechanics, relativity, nuclear physics, particle physics, a...

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Kajita, Masatoshi, author
Bristol: IOP Publishing, 2023
1 online resource (various pagings)
englisch
9780750362382
9780750362399
10.1088/978-0-7503-6239-9
Physics -- Textbooks.



  • 1. Introduction to the fundamental parts of modern physics
  • 1.1. History of physics up to the establishment of Newtonian mechanics
  • 1.2. Mystery of light
  • 1.3. Theory of special relativity
  • 1.4. Theory of general relativity
  • 1.5. Quantum mechanics
  • 1.6. Spin and relativistic quantum mechanics
  • 2. Recently solved mysteries
  • 2.1. Development of the atomic clock
  • 2.2. Confirmation of relativistic effects with time
  • 2.3. Development of lasers
  • 2.4. Optical pumping using laser light
  • 2.5. Laser spectroscopy and atomic clocks using transitions in the optical region
  • 2.6. Laser cooling
  • 2.7. Ion trapping by RF electric field
  • 2.8. Atomic clocks using lasers and cold atoms
  • 2.9. Confirmation of quantum mechanics
  • 2.10. Detection of gravitational wave
  • 3. Unsolved mysteries in particle physics
  • 3.1. Particle and antiparticle
  • 3.2. Research into radioactive rays
  • 3.3. Particles in the first generation and the interactions
  • 3.4. Particles in the higher generation
  • 3.5. Violation of the CP-symmetry and T-symmetry
  • 3.6. Theoretical derivation of the violation of CP-symmetry
  • 3.7. Strong CP-problem
  • 3.8. Search of the electron electric dipole moment
  • 3.9. CPT-symmetry
  • 3.10. The identity of the neutrino
  • 3.11. Unification of forces
  • 3.12. What is the gravitational interaction between particle and antiparticle?
  • 3.13. The quantum electrodynamics and proton size puzzle
  • 3.14. Violation of the symmetry of optical isomers of chiral molecules
  • 4. Unsolved mysteries in astrophysics and cosmology
  • 4.1. The shape of the Universe is not immutable
  • 4.2. Dark energy
  • 4.3. Dark matter
  • 4.4. Search of variation in fundamental constants
  • 4.5. Direct detection of axion
  • 4.6. Does the fifth force exist?
  • 4.7. Does the extra dimension exist?
  • 4.8. The mystery of black holes
  • 5. Conclusion
  • Appendix A. Boltzmann energy distribution and entropy
  • Appendix B. Energy state of hydrogen atoms
  • Appendix C. Measurement uncertainty
  • Appendix D. Energy eigenvalue in the harmonic potential
  • Appendix E. Transition between two or three states
  • Appendix F. Expansion of a travelling wave with spherical functions
  • Appendix G. Optoelectrical Sisyphus cooling.