Status and development trends of electricity supply options in the Federal Republic of Germany : central and decentral
Status and development trends of electricity supply options in the Federal Republic of Germany : central and decentral
The entire electricity supply sector of the FRG was in 1988 responsible for 35 % of the total primary energy consumption (137 mtce out of 390 mtce). The public electricity supply consumed 124 mtce and contributed about 30 % of the CO$_{2}$ -emissions from the entire energy use (220 mill.t CO$_{2}$ o...
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Personal Name(s): | Kolb, G. (Corresponding author) |
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Contributing Institute: |
Publikationen vor 2000; PRE-2000; Retrocat |
Imprint: |
Jülich
Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag
1989
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Physical Description: |
VI, 40 p. |
Document Type: |
Report Book |
Research Program: |
Addenda |
Series Title: |
Spezielle Berichte der Kernforschungsanlage Jülich
521 |
Link: |
OpenAccess |
Publikationsportal JuSER |
The entire electricity supply sector of the FRG was in 1988 responsible for 35 % of the total primary energy consumption (137 mtce out of 390 mtce). The public electricity supply consumed 124 mtce and contributed about 30 % of the CO$_{2}$ -emissions from the entire energy use (220 mill.t CO$_{2}$ out of 730 mill. t CO$_{2}$). Among several basic options to reduce CO$_{2}$-emissions in the electricity supply activities only the options "increased efficiency" and "switches to other energy sources" are currently pursued in the FRG. Fuel switches (fossil to fossil) are strongly constrained by political reasons. The electricity supply is dominated by thermal power plants : Only 7 GW out of 102 GW total capacity and 20 TWh out of 430 TWh total gross production are nonthermal. Nuclear power, hard coal, lignite, renewables (mainly hydro), gares and oil provided 34 %, 31 %, 18 %, 6 %, 8 % and 3 % respectively of the produced electricity. Among the regenerative options only hydro and waste incineration contribute noticeably : 6.7 GW and 0.5 GW as of December 1988. The time horizon for the perspectives is the decade 2000 to 2010: For the nuclear sector (22.3 GW, 21 LWR) no further net expansion is expected. The German nuclear industry is now oriented to cooperation within the EC and to exports (advanced LWR, HTGCR). The development of novel fossil fired power plants is (neariy) entirely focused an coal and lignite based concepts (integrated gasification combined cycle : IGCC, and combined cycle with pressurized fluidized bed combustion : PFBC-CC and in an early development status the pressurized coal dust fired combined cycle : PCDF-CC). Currently one experimental combined cycle with natural gas fired gas turbine, 2 pilot PFBC-CC stations and 6 pilot IGCC-CC-stations (2 with PFB, 3 with entrained flow, 1 with malten iron bath) are operative. Future regenerative main options are hydro, waste and wind. For the end of the century the expectations are about 5 GW hydro (from 3.8 GW in 1988 without pumped sterage), 2 GW waste utilization and between a few hundreds MW and 1-2 GW of wind power, the latter being only a fuel saver. PV-prospects for decentral electricity look favorable up to a range of 1-1.5 mtce/a (3-4.5 TWh/a). [...] |