This title appears in the Scientific Report :
2019
Please use the identifier:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110497342-009 in citations.
9. Phosphates as safe containers for radionuclides
9. Phosphates as safe containers for radionuclides
For the treatment of high-level radioactive wastes (HLW) vitrification is currently the most widely used technology in most countries using nuclear power (Jantzen et al., 2013). Alkaliborosilicate glass or alkali aluminophosphate glass are applied for the immobilization of actinides and fission prod...
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Personal Name(s): | Schlenz, Hartmut (Corresponding author) |
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Neumeier, Stefan / Hirsch, Antje / Peters, Lars / Roth, Georg | |
Contributing Institute: |
Nukleare Entsorgung; IEK-6 |
Published in: |
Highlights in Applied Mineralogy / Heuss-Aßbichler, Soraya (Editor) ; Berlin, Boston : De Gruyter, , ; ISBN: ; doi:10.1515/9783110497342 |
Imprint: |
Berlin, Boston
De Gruyter
2018
|
Physical Description: |
xvi, 344 Seiten : Illustrationen, Diagramme |
ISBN: |
9783110491227 9783110495089 (electronic) 9783110497342 (electronic) 9783110497434 |
DOI: |
10.1515/9783110497342-009 |
Document Type: |
Contribution to a book |
Research Program: |
Nuclear Waste Management |
Subject (ZB): | |
Publikationsportal JuSER |
For the treatment of high-level radioactive wastes (HLW) vitrification is currently the most widely used technology in most countries using nuclear power (Jantzen et al., 2013). Alkaliborosilicate glass or alkali aluminophosphate glass are applied for the immobilization of actinides and fission products depending on the waste streams that arise, respectively. Future waste generation is primarily driven by interest in sources of clean energy and this has led to an increased interest in advanced nuclear power production in many countries, with few exceptions like e.g. Germany, where nuclear power generally is no longer an option for future electric power generation strategies. Therefore, advanced nuclear waste forms are being designed for properly thought-out future nuclear waste management strategies. Potential advanced waste forms can be single-phase or poly-phase crystalline ceramic (mineral) waste forms that chemically incorporate radionuclides and hazardous species atomically in their crystal structures. In this context, phosphates play an important role because many of them show outstanding and desired properties like a high radiation resistance and a high chemical durability.In this chapter we will focus on phosphates that are currently discussed as potential single-phase ceramic waste forms for the safe disposal of the actinides U, Pu, and the minor actinides Np, Cm and Am, and in some cases even for the disposal of fission products like Sr-90. The mineral monazite and monazite-type synthetic ceramic phases will be described in more detail; simply because such phases are especially well suited for the permanent incorporation of actinides. Additionally, natural analogs can be used as references that enable a secured estimation of the long-term properties of phases designed in scientific laboratories. |