Optimisation of Corrosion Control for Lead in Drinking Water Using Computational Modelling Techniques [E-Book]
Saved in:
Full text |
|
Personal Name(s): | Hayes, Colin,eauthor |
Croft, T. N. / Houtman, Corine / van der Oost, Ron / Sobsey, M. | |
Edition: |
1st edition |
Imprint: |
London :
IWA Publishing,
2013
|
Physical Description: |
1 online resource (67 pages) |
Note: |
englisch |
ISBN: |
9781780404790 |
Series Title: |
/* Depending on the record driver, $field may either be an array with
"name" and "number" keys or a flat string containing only the series
name. We should account for both cases to maximize compatibility. */?>
Best Practice Guides on Metals and Related Substances in Drinking Water Series
|
- Chapter 1: Introduction
- 1.1 CORRECTIVE WATER TREATMENT FOR REDUCING LEAD IN DRINKING WATER
- 1.2 REGULATORY BACKGROUND IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE NEED FOR FURTHER OPTIMISATION OF PLUMBOSOLVENCY CONTROL
- 1.3 REGULATORY BACKGROUND IN CANADA AND THE NEED FOR FURTHER OPTIMISATION OF PLUMBOSOLVENCY CONTROL
- 1.4 OPTIMISATION OF PLUMBOSOLVENCY CONTROL IN THE UNITED KINGDOM AND THE USE OF COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING TECHNIQUES
- 1.5 PROJECT OUTLINE, OBJECTIVES AND BENEFITS
- (a) Project outline
- (b) Objectives
- (c) Benefits
- Chapter 2: Description of the computational compliance models
- 2.1 INTRODUCTION
- 2.2 THE SINGLE PIPE MODEL
- 2.3 THE ZONAL MODELLING FRAMEWORK
- 2.4 SIMULATING SAMPLING
- (a) Introduction
- (b) Random daytime (RDT) sampling
- (c) 6 hours stagnation sampling
- (d) 30 minutes stagnation (30MS) sampling
- (e) Examples of model output
- Chapter 3: Simulation of water flow in a pipe using computational fluid dynamics
- 3.1 INTRODUCTION
- 3.2 THE FLUID FLOW EQUATIONS AND THEIR COMPUTATIONAL SOLUTION
- 3.3 COMPARISON OF PLUG AND LAMINAR FLOW ALONG A STRAIGHT PIPE
- 3.4 APPLICATION OF VOLUMETRIC PROFILES
- Chapter 4: Calibration and validation
- 4.1 INTRODUCTION
- 4.2 CALIBRATION
- 4.3 VALIDATION
- Chapter 5: Case study: City A (US)
- 5.1 BACKGROUND
- 5.2 CALIBRATION AND USE OF THE LEAD EMISSION MODEL
- (a) Lead pipe lengths and diameters
- (b) Non-lead pipe lengths and diameters
- (c) Water consumptions and patterns of use
- (d) Plumbosolvency factors
- (e) Other model inputs
- (f) Uncertainties
- (g) Premise plumbing
- 5.3 RESULTS
- (a) Matching predicted to observed LCR survey results
- (b) Orthophosphate dosing scenarios
- (c) Risk assessment
- 5.4 DISCUSSION
- 5.5 CONCLUSIONS.
- Chapter 6: Case study: City B (CA)
- 6.1 BACKGROUND
- 6.2 CALIBRATION AND USE OF THE LEAD EMISSION MODEL
- (a) Lead service pipe lengths and diameters
- (b) Non-lead pipe lengths and diameters
- (c) Water consumptions and patterns of use
- (d) Plumbosolvency factors
- (e) Other model inputs
- (f) Uncertainties
- (g) Premise plumbing
- 6.3 RESULTS
- (a) Predicted and observed 30MS survey results
- (b) Predicted results for sequential sampling after 6 hrs stagnation
- (c) Risk assessment
- 6.4 DISCUSSION
- 6.5 CONCLUSIONS
- Chapter 7: Case study: City C (US)
- 7.1 BACKGROUND
- 7.2 ASSESSMENT OF LEAD DATA FROM SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING SURVEYS
- (a) Results profiles
- (b) LCR compliance
- 7.3 LEAD SERVICE LINES AND PLUMBOSOLVENCY CHARACTERISATION
- 7.4 MODELLING
- (a) Zonal compliance modelling
- (b) Additional modelling to investigate laminar flow effects
- 7.5 DISCUSSION
- 7.6 CONCLUSIONS
- Chapter 8: Investigations into sequential sampling
- 8.1 INTRODUCTION
- 8.2 SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING SURVEYS IN CITIES A, B AND C
- (a) City A-results of sequential sampling by the State Health Authority
- (b) City B - results of sequential sampling by the utility
- (c) City C - results of sequential sampling by the USEPA
- 8.3 MODELLING ZONAL COMPLIANCE
- 8.4 USING REYNOLD'S NUMBER
- 8.5 MODELLING SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING AT A SINGLE HOUSE
- (a) Introduction
- (b) Validation exercise
- (c) Effect of copper pipe length
- (d) Effect of lead pipe length
- (e) Effect of pipe diameters
- (f) Conclusions from the modelling exercises
- Chapter 9: Discussion
- 9.1 THE USE OF MODELLING IN THE OPTIMISATION OF PLUMBOSOLVENCY CONTROL
- (a) The limitations of sampling
- (b) The use of computational modelling tools
- (c) Supporting techniques
- 9.2 REGULATORY ASPECTS
- (a) United States
- (b) Canada
- 9.3 OPERATIONAL ASPECTS.
- 9.4 RISK ASSESSMENT
- 9.5 THE WAY FORWARD
- Chapter 10: Conclusions
- Chapter 11: References
- Appendix 1: Calibration data
- CITY A
- CITY B
- Appendix 2: Examples of model output.