This title appears in the Scientific Report :
2010
Please use the identifier:
http://hdl.handle.net/2128/3810 in citations.
Prompt-Gamma-Neutronen-Aktivierungs-Analyse zur zerstörungsfreien Charakerisierung radioaktiver Abfälle
Prompt-Gamma-Neutronen-Aktivierungs-Analyse zur zerstörungsfreien Charakerisierung radioaktiver Abfälle
In Germany, stringent official regulations govern the handling and final storage of radioactive waste. For this reason, the Federal Government has opted for final storage of radioactive waste with negligible heat generation in deep geological formations. At present the Konrad mine in Saltzgitter wi...
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Personal Name(s): | Kettler, John Paul Hermann (Corresponding author) |
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Contributing Institute: |
Nukleare Entsorgung; IEK-6 |
Imprint: |
Jülich
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag
2010
|
Physical Description: |
IV, 205 S. |
Dissertation Note: |
RWTH Aachen, Diss., 2010 |
ISBN: |
978-3-89336-665-1 |
Document Type: |
Book Dissertation / PhD Thesis |
Research Program: |
Nukleare Sicherheitsforschung |
Series Title: |
Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich : Energie & Umwelt / Energy & Environment
82 |
Subject (ZB): | |
Link: |
OpenAccess |
Publikationsportal JuSER |
In Germany, stringent official regulations govern the handling and final storage of radioactive waste. For this reason, the Federal Government has opted for final storage of radioactive waste with negligible heat generation in deep geological formations. At present the Konrad mine in Saltzgitter will be rebuilt as a final disposal, the start of operation is scheduled for 2014. Radioactive waste with negligible heat generation originates from the operation and decommissioning of nuclear power plants, the medical sector or from research establishments. The requirements of the planning approval decision to build up the disposal Konrad, published on the 22th of May 2002, obligate the waste producer to consider the limits for chemotoxic substances and to document the waste content. Before the radioactive waste can be stored in the final disposal, it is necessary to characterize the waste composition, relating to the concentration of water polluting substances. In particular for the wastes produced in the year before 1990, the so-called old wastes, there is a lack of documentation. The chemotoxicity of old wastes can mostly only characterized by time consuming and destructive methods. Furthermore these methods produce high costs, which depend on the arrangements to avoid contamination, to comply with the radiation protection and for the conditioning of the wastes. A prototype system, based on the Prompt-Gamma-Neutron-Activation-Analysis (PGNAA) with 14 MeV neutrons, has been developed in this work. This system allows the characterization of large samples, like 25 and 50 l drums. The signature of the element composition is in this processed by gamma-ray spectroscopy. This work was focused, in addition to the feasibility of the system, to the neutron and photon transport in large samples. Therefore the neutron and photon self-absorption in dependence of the sample composition were the main part of interest. Computer simulations (MCNP) and experiments were performed to understand this correlation. Several homogeneous and inhomogeneous sample drums were produced for the qualification of the prototype system. The sample drums were characterized with different systems and methods to verify the results of the PGNAA-Prototype-System. At the end of the present work, the detection limits of selected elements for different irradiation and measurement conditions were determined. The element compilation refers to relevant elements for the final disposal Konrad. The results of the measurements, which were realized with the PGNAA-Prototype-System, show, that a non-destructive characterization of large samples is possible. Furthermore a routine test procedure, based on the results of the present work, is in development to characterize 200 l drums. |