This title appears in the Scientific Report : 2022 
Herausforderungen bei der Integration von Power-to-X-Technologien
Morgenthaler, Simon (Corresponding author)
Systemforschung und Technologische Entwicklung; IEK-STE
Jülich Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag 2022
207
Dissertation, Univ. Duisburg, 2021
Book
Dissertation / PhD Thesis
Societally Feasible Transformation Pathways
Berichte des Forschungszentrums Jülich 4433
OpenAccess
Please use the identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/30975 in citations.


A rapid and deep decarbonization of all economic sectors of the energy system is necessary toavoid irreversible changes to the climate system. An important requirement is the integrationof renewable energies, primarily photovoltaics and wind. Sector coupling technologies, suchas Power-to-Methane or electro mobility, are needed to utilize renewable electricity in othersectors. The integration of sector coupling technologies raises a number of important challenges.Derived from this, three central research questions are formulated. They are addressedusing the methodology of energy systemmodeling and mathematical optimization.What is the impact of the integration of large-scale sector coupling technologies? The successfultransformation of the electricity system is feasible, this explicitly applies to additionalelectricity demands fromPower-to-X facilities. A 75% greenhouse gas reduction compared tothe reference year 1990 can be achieved without fundamental changes to the power system.For this purpose, photovoltaic capacity must be quadrupled over the next three decades.Additionally, stationary battery storage must be integrated. The levelized costs of electricitywill remain almost constant.Which locations are suitable?Within Europe the natural resources of wind and solar energyare distributed differently. There aremany suitable locations for Power-to-X facilities. Theydiffer mainly in terms of system design and lead to comparable levelized costs. Some degreesof freedomexist in the design of the specific process chain, thus other factors may beconsidered identifying suitable locations.How should Power-to-X facilities be operated? Stand-alone facilities can benefit from intermediatestorage to increase their utilization rate and to reduce the levelized costs. Dependingon the system design an average utilization rate between 63% and 78% can be achieved.Power-to-X facilities with an existing grid connection will have an average utilization rateabove 35% while adjusting their operation to provide grid stability. The provided flexibilitycan be evaluated monetarily. Necessary changes to the regulatory framework can be derivedbased on this evaluation.