Tiefentschwefelung von Flugturbinenkraftstoffen für die Anwendung in mobilen Brennstoffzellensystemen
Tiefentschwefelung von Flugturbinenkraftstoffen für die Anwendung in mobilen Brennstoffzellensystemen
Fuel cell powered APUs$^{3}$ are promising for the on-board electricity supply in heavy vehicles, aircraftand ships because of their high efficiency and low emission of pollutants. The catalyticalreforming with subsequent gas processing units is applied to operate the fuel cell system with onboardav...
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Personal Name(s): | Wang, Yong (Corresponding author) |
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Contributing Institute: |
Publikationen vor 2000; PRE-2000; Retrocat |
Imprint: |
Jülich
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag
2012
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Physical Description: |
205 S. |
Dissertation Note: |
Dissertation, RWTH Aachen, 2012 |
Document Type: |
Book Dissertation / PhD Thesis |
Research Program: |
Addenda |
Series Title: |
Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich Reihe Energie & Umwelt / Energy & Environment
155 |
Publikationsportal JuSER |
Fuel cell powered APUs$^{3}$ are promising for the on-board electricity supply in heavy vehicles, aircraftand ships because of their high efficiency and low emission of pollutants. The catalyticalreforming with subsequent gas processing units is applied to operate the fuel cell system with onboardavailable fuels. Within the reformer the liquid fuel is converted into a hydrogen-rich synthesisgas in the presence of metal catalysts. However, an on-board desulfurization of fuels is requiredto avoid the deactivation of catalysts in the fuel processing unit as well as in the fuel cell.The present work aims at developing a technically feasible deep desulfurization process for fuelcell powered APUs with theoretical and experimental study as well as procedural analysis. Thefocus of the work is on the desulfurization of jet fuels in liquid phase, since the reformer currentlydeveloped in IEK-3$^{4}$ is designed for aviation applications of fuel cell APUs and it can only beoperated by liquid jet fuels. In addition, the desulfurization of marine gas oil was investigated tofulfill the sulfur requirement of the fuels for the application of fuel cell APUs for inland navigation.In the petroleum industry, low-sulfur fuels are often obtained by hydrodesulfurization and the SZorbProcess. However, these conventional methods are highly inconvenient for reducing sulfurcompounds to the desired level in a mobile fuel cell system, since improvements of the desulfurizationefficiency are limited by increasingly severe operating conditions and escalating costs.Moreover, the hydrodesulfurization and the S-Zorb Process are not suitable for mobile applications,since hydrogen recycling is required, which is not possible with H$_{2}$ syngas.To this end, a large number of processes discussed in the literature were assessed with regardto their application in fuel cell APUs. Three potentially suitable processes were selected: pervaporation,adsorption, and hydrodesulfurization with pre-saturation. Within a series of experimentsin the laboratory, these processes were investigated with respect to their desulfurization abilityand durability, while the required heat amount and electrical energy demand were determined bymodeling and simulation. Subsequently, the potential of the desulfurization processes for technicalapplications were evaluated by a procedural and energetic analysis. As a result, the hydrodesulfurizationwith presaturation is most suitable for desulfurization of jet fuels for the application of fuelcell driven APUs in aircraft. A combination of pervaporation and adsorption is although applicablefor the desulfurization of jet fuel and marine gas oil, more research work is required to increasethe long-term stability of the membrane material. |